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考研:歷年英語翻譯真題

時間:2024-09-25 13:00:17 夏仙 英語六級 我要投稿

考研:歷年英語翻譯真題

  英語翻譯要將一定難度的英語短文譯成漢語,理解基本正確,譯文達意。考研英語翻譯主要是長句和短句的翻譯,有一定的難度,不過如果我們能夠掌握足夠的技巧就會事半功倍的效果。下面是小編整理的考研:歷年英語翻譯真題,歡迎閱讀!

考研:歷年英語翻譯真題

  考研:歷年英語翻譯真題 1

  Part C

  Directions:

  Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

  Mental health is our birthright.

  (1) we dont have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health cant be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we dont understand the value of mental health and we dont know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.

  (2) Our mental health doesnt go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.

  Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem -confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. Its a form of innate or unlearned optimism.

  (3) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.

  (4)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought.

  (5) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.

  翻譯

  1、我們不必一定去學習如何做到心理健康,這種能力植根于我們自身,就像我們的身體知道如何愈合傷口,如何修復斷骨。

  【解析】分號連接兩個句子:第一個句子主干為we don’t have to learn,how引導賓語從句作learn的賓語,其中how表示方式;第二個句子主干為it is built into us,其中代詞it指代前句提及的mental health; in the same way表示方式,that引導定語從句,其中又嵌套了how引導的賓語從句,作know的賓語。

  2、心理健康不會去往他方。如同烏云可能蔽日,心理健康可能會暫時隱藏于視線之外,但它完全可以在須臾之間復原如初。

  【解析】分號連接兩個句子:第一個句子為主謂結構的簡單句;第二個句子為but連接的兩個并列分句,表達轉折關系,主干為it can be hidden, but it is capable of being restored,其中介詞短語like the sun behind a cloud表示比喻。in an instant:立刻,立即。

  3、心理健康使我們在他人陷入危難之時給予同情,痛苦不已時給予善意,無論對誰,都能給予無條件的愛。

  【解析】本句主干為:mental health allows us to view others…,三個并列的介詞短語with..表示伴隨。其中分別嵌套了if引導的`兩個條件狀語從句和no matter who引導的讓步狀語從句。

  4、盡管心理健康是人們度過一生的一劑萬能良藥,但它又普通不已,因為當你需要做出艱難決定時,都可感受到它的存在。

  【解析】句子主干是it is perfectly ordinary。it指代前文提及的mental health;although引導讓步狀語從句,其主干為mental health is the cure-all。as引導原因狀語從句,其主干為you will see;that引導從句做see的賓語,其主干為it has been there to direct you。cure-all:合成名詞,萬靈藥。

  5、就像你會漸漸明白,深悉心理健康一直觸手可得并且值得信任,使我們能放慢生活腳步,活在當下,幸福生活。

  【解析】句子主干是knowing that…and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily。兩個動名詞結構knowing…并列作主句的主語,其中that引導的賓語從句作knowing的賓語。句首的as引導非限制性定語從句,修飾整個主句,翻譯時可以處理為“就像…,正如…”。

  考研:歷年英語翻譯真題 2

  1.It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot.

  參考譯文:人們很容易低估英國作家詹姆斯·赫里奧特。

  翻譯解析:這是一個it做形式主語的句子,真正的主語在后面。句子結構為 It is + 形容詞 + to do sth。underestimate意為“低估,對…估計不足”該詞由under(向下)和estimate(估算)合成,“向下估計”就是“低估”之意。英語人名的翻譯不能保留英文原文。本文中James Herriot的中文名是“詹姆斯·赫里奧特”,如果對于自己不了解的人,要根據發音翻譯為相應的漢字,最好在后面加括號標注其英文名,如:詹姆斯·赫里奧特(James Herriot),這種處理方法未嘗不可。對于特別出名的人,要注意用字的準確性,比如Karl Marx(卡爾·馬克思,不能翻譯為卡爾·馬卡斯);有的英文名字不是按照發音翻譯的,需要大家在學習過程中特別留意,如Confucius(孔子,首字母大寫)、Sun Yat-san(孫中山,不是雙鴨山)。全句直譯過來就是“低估英國作家詹姆斯·赫里歐是很容易的”,讀起來不太地道,翻譯時可以增加表泛指的主語“人們,大家,我們”讓句子讀起來通順,稍微調整一下語序,就是“人們很容易低估英國作家詹姆斯·赫里歐”。

  2.He had such a pleasant, readable style that are might think that anyone could imitate it.

  參考譯文:他的作品有一種令人愉快、易讀的風格,大概就讓人以為任何人都能模仿他。

  翻譯解析:這句話的主語是he,即上文提到的詹姆斯·赫里歐。主句是He had such a pleasant, readable style。such a意為“如此”,readable由read(閱讀)和(able能夠)合成,“能夠閱讀的”就是“易讀”之意。主句直譯是“他有一種令人愉快、易讀的風格”,顯而易見,這里并不是他這個人的風格,而是指其作品的風格,翻譯時需要增譯主語,“他的作品”。第一個that引導的定語從句修飾style,將先行詞放到定語從句中,style are might think (such a pleasant, readable style),這里的意思是“人模仿風格”,換句話說“風格被模仿”。增加泛指主語“人們,大家,我們”,“人們可能認為”,“大概就讓人以為”都是可以的。第二個that引導賓語從句,“認為任何人都能模仿他”。

  3.How many times have I heard people say, “I could write a book, I just haven’t the time” .

  參考譯文:我總是聽人說:我也可以寫書,就是我沒有時間。

  翻譯解析:本句是個倒裝句,用來強調語氣。How many times have I heard people say,直譯過來就是“多少次我聽人們說”,這樣其實也可以,如果想更連貫一點,調整為“我總是/多次聽人說”都是可以的。haven’t是have not的縮寫,“沒有”之意。引號里面的內容直譯就可以,I could write a book翻譯為“我也可以寫書”。I just haven’t the time翻譯為“我只是沒有時間”,Just要翻譯出“只是”這種感覺。

  4.Easily said. Not so easily done.

  參考譯文:這話說起來容易,做起來難。

  翻譯解析:這是兩個很短的省略句,源自成句"easily said than done"。大家經常能聽到“說起來容易,做起來難”這句老話。如果一時想不起來,翻譯為“說得輕松,做到可不容易”之類的也很好。需要注意的是,句子之間的連貫性,為了和上文銜接,加了“這話”這種指示詞做主語。

  5.James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game”.

  參考譯文:與大眾的觀點相反,正如吉米·赫里奧特特所說,在創作初期,“嘗試寫作”并不容易。

  翻譯解析:這句話的主干為:James Herriot did not find it easy in his early days of “having a go at the writing game”,這句話涉及到否定轉移這個知識點,did not find it easy,看似否定的是find,實際上否定的是easy,這句直譯過來是“沒有發現它容易”,讀起來拗口,調整一下就是“發現它不容易”;contrary to popular opinion準確地來說,是形容詞短語做比較狀語,也可理解為插入語,比較狀語部分在翻譯時前置即可;as he put it, “正如他所說”。in his early days是時間狀語,直譯為“在他的早期”,根據上下文可知,是指“在他的創作初期”;have a go是比較地道的英語表達,意為“試一試”。game在這里是一個比較形象的說法,實際上game并不是“游戲”的意思,而是“行當;行業;職業”的意思,也就是“從事寫作這個職業”。

  6.While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading.

  參考譯文:他顯然極具天賦,但他留給世人的最終的、精雕細琢的作品卻是多年練習、重寫和閱讀的成果。

  翻譯解析:while引導的是讓步狀語從句,that he gave to the world定語從句修飾work,主干部分為主系表結構:the final polished work was the result。the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. “名詞 of+名詞”結構從后往前翻譯,years直譯可以翻譯為“多年的”,如果追求文采可以翻譯為“經年累月/厚積薄發”等詞語。obviously,意為“顯然地,無疑地 ”,副詞的翻譯,如果放在句中通順就放在句中,如果讀起來別扭,就拿出來單獨成句修飾整個句子。此句也可以翻譯為,“顯然,……”had an abundance of意為“有大量的,極具”;final polished work是兩個形容詞修飾work,中間用頓號隔開,polished意思是“修改過的,潤色過的.”,可以引申為“精雕細琢的”,that he gave to the world這個定語從句較短,放在先行詞之前翻譯,“他留給世界的/世人的”都可。注意讓步狀語從句和主句的邏輯關系:前半句說他極具天賦,后半句說他的作品不是輕易得來的,兩者之間有一個轉折關系,需要加上轉折邏輯詞“但是”。

  7.Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed.

  參考譯文:和大多數作家一樣,他在寫作過程中也遭受了許多失望和拒絕,但這些更加堅定了他獲得成功的決心。

  翻譯解析:句子結構是but連接的兩個簡單句,Like the majority of authors,“像大多數作家一樣” 。suffer是“遭遇,遭受,經歷”的意思;many 的意思大家都知道,直接翻譯為“許多”沒有問題,但是我們也可以翻譯的紹劇文學色彩一點,譯為“諸多”,還可以強調他所受的磨難之多。disappointments意為“失望,沮喪”;rejections是“拒絕,這里暗指:吉米·赫里奧特當時想要出版的書籍或想要發表的作品被出版商拒絕或受到冷遇”, along the way作狀語,“在某過程中”,文章中可以譯為“在寫作過程中”。all the more和all the better意思一樣,都表示“更加,愈發”。determined是“下決心的,決意的、堅定的”。這個句子直接翻譯即可:但這些更加堅定了他獲得成功的決心。

  8.Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literacy field was no exception.

  參考譯文:他一生中所有的成就都來之不易,在文學領域的成功也不例外。

  翻譯解析:這句話是由and連接的兩個并列句組成,he achieved in life是省略了引導詞that的定語從句,修飾everything,譯為“他一生中(取得)的所有成就”。固定用法"earn … the hard way",意思是“做到某事來之不易”。同學們可能沒見過這種用法,但根據"the hard way(困難的方法/方式)"和全文大意也能猜測出大概含義,這一點也很重要,遇到不太熟悉的短語要記得聯系上下文去理解,比胡亂猜測要好。后半句也包含一個固定句子結構"sth be no exception",意思是“某事也不例外”,最后一句“no exception”,直譯表示“不是例外”,我們也可意譯為“絕非偶然”也可以正說翻譯“也是如此”。

  考研:歷年英語翻譯真題 3

  第一段

  Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full.But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor.According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.

  第二段

  Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down —say, after giving a bad lecture —he grants himself permission to be human.He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others.Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t.④Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.

  翻譯:

  第一段:大多數人都會把樂觀定義為永遠快樂,覺得杯子里總有半杯水。但這恰恰不是真正的快樂,積極心理學家們并不提倡。哈佛大學教授T alBen-Shahar說:“健康的樂觀意味著不脫離現實。”按照Ben-Shahar的說法, 現實的樂觀主義者是那些不管發生什么事情都力求從中得到最大收獲的'人,而不是那些指望凡事都有最好結局的人。

  第二段:Ben-Shahar運用三種方法保持樂觀。當他情緒低落時——比如說一次課沒講好——他寬容自己,承認自己是凡人。他提醒自己,不是每堂課都有獲諾貝爾獎的水準;總會有一些課的效果不如別的課。第二種方法是回顧。他分析講得不好的課,為以后汲取有用的經驗和失敗的教訓。最后,還有視角問題,要認識到在宏大的生命長卷里,一堂課真的不算什么。

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