美國名人榜5：亞歷山大•漢密爾頓

亞歷山大·漢密爾頓( Alexander Hamilton ,1757年1月11日 - 1804年7月12日)是美國的開國元勛之一,憲法的起草人之一,財經專家,是美國的第一任財政部長。因政黨惡斗而喪失生命的知名政治人物。

亞歷山大·漢密爾頓從一個來自英屬西印度群島的私生子和無家可歸的孤兒,一躍成為喬治·華盛頓最信任的左膀右臂,但后來卷入一樁性丑聞,在與副總統阿倫·伯爾的決斗中命喪黃泉。在美國的開國元勛中,沒有哪位的生與死比亞歷山大·漢密爾頓更富戲劇色彩了。在為美國后來的財富和勢力奠定基礎方面,也沒有哪位開國老臣的功勞比得上漢密爾頓。雖然他也身為美國建國之父之一,卻始終沒能象別的人那樣做上美國總統,而且在與其主要政治對手托馬斯·杰斐遜( Thomas Jefferson )的競爭中更似乎是輸得慘不忍睹,可孰料——歷史的戲劇性就在于此——在其過世之后,他的政治遺產,包括“工業建國之路”和建立一個強有力的中央政府等等,卻在此后的美國歷史中起著越來越顯著的作用。甚至一些影響了美國歷史進程的總統,如林肯和西奧多·羅斯福( Theodore Roosevelt ),他們所施行的政策就是建立在漢密爾頓的遺產基礎上的。

Alexander Hamilton ( January 11, 1755 or 1757 – July 12, 1804) was the first United States Secretary of the Treasury , a Founding Father , economist , and political philosopher . Aide-de-camp to General George Washington during the American Revolutionary War , he was a leader of nationalist forces calling for a new Constitution ; he was one of America ' s first Constitutional lawyers , and wrote most of the Federalist Papers , a primary source for Constitutional interpretation . He was the financial expert of Washington ' s administration ; the Federalist Party formed to support his policies . Born and raised in the Caribbean , Hamilton attended King ' s College ( now Columbia University ) in New York .

At the start of the American Revolutionary War , he organized an artillery company and was chosen as its captain . Hamilton became the senioraide-de-camp and confidant to General George Washington , the American commander-in-chief . After the war , Hamilton was elected to the Continental Congress from New York , but he resigned to practice law and found the Bank of New York . He served in the New York Legislature , and he was the only New Yorker who signed the U . S . Constitution . He wrote about half the Federalist Papers , which secured its ratification by New York ; they are still the most important unofficial interpretation of the Constitution . In the new government under President Washington he became Secretary of the Treasury . An admirer of British political systems , Hamilton was a nationalist who emphasized strong central government and successfully argued that the implied powers of the Constitution could be used to fund the national debt , assume state debts , and create the government-owned Bank of the United States . These programs were funded primarily by a ariff on imports and a highly controversial whiskey tax .

【美國名人榜5：亞歷山大•漢密爾頓】相關文章：

美國名人榜4：富蘭克林•羅斯福03-13

美國大學安全指數排行榜11-29

美國大學最實用排行榜12-09

美國大學低學費排行榜11-30

美國大學富豪校友排行榜11-30

美國大學睡眠時間的排行榜12-09

美國大學學費排行榜12-09

美國大學最佳伙食排行榜12-09

美國名人經典語錄11-25