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兒童英語讀寫能力的發展英語美文
Promoting English Reading in Young Children
How do parents encourage their kids to develop their oral English? How do kids learn to read English without formal classroom instruction? The most frequent recommendations include reading English books to children; surrounding them with English books and other printed English materials; making various English writing materials available; encouraging English reading and writing; and being responsive to children’s questions about English letters, words, and spellings (Schickedanz et al。, 1998)。
Parents can use numerous props at home。 Homes can have writing centers with materials such as magnetic letters, white boards, pencils, crayons, markers and paper。 Parents can encourage children’s involvement with print by reading English to children, and allowing children to choose English books to read。 Intimate reading experiences allow children to turn pages, pause to look at pictures or ask questions, and read along with an adult。
The Three Little Pigs is recommended here。 Repetitive structures, rhyme and rhythm, and a match between pictures and text help children grasping the rules of English reading, which keeps children’s interest in English reading on。 Furthermore, parents need to indicate features in print that are significant and draw attention to patterns of English letters, sounds and phrases。
如何促進兒童英語口語能力的發展?在兒童接受正規的課堂教學之前該如何學習閱讀英文?廣為推薦的建議包括:讀英文書給兒童聽;在兒童活動所及之處擺放兒童英文書籍以及其他兒童英文讀物;各種兒童英文書寫材料的放置使兒童易于獲取;鼓勵兒童進行英文讀寫練習;積極回應兒童提出的有關英文字母,英文單詞和拼寫等方面的問題。
家長在家里可以運用各種道具,也可以利用某個生動的活動場所。可以在家中辟出一塊地方用做孩子的寫作中心,并配有小白板,英文字母教具,鉛筆,彩筆和紙張等材料。家長可以利用多種方式鼓勵孩子進行英文讀寫活動,例如給孩子讀英文小故事;或者讓孩子自己選擇要讀的英文書。這種親歷的閱讀體驗使得孩子學會自己翻頁,學會停下來看看插圖或提問,或者跟著成人朗讀。
筆者推薦《三只小豬》等英文書。重復的結構,韻律和節奏以及圖畫與英文短語的匹配等都能幫助孩子掌握閱讀的規律,從而增強長期閱讀的興趣。同時,家長應該指出英文字的重要特征,并引導孩子注意字母,發音或短語的各種形式。
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